diff --git a/server/routes/proxy.go b/server/routes/proxy.go
index 9275d30..e2d5c67 100644
--- a/server/routes/proxy.go
+++ b/server/routes/proxy.go
@@ -1,39 +1,46 @@
 package routes
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 
 	"codeberg.org/vnpower/pixivfe/v2/core"
+	"codeberg.org/vnpower/pixivfe/v2/i18n"
 )
 
+// proxyHandler is a helper function that constructs and proxies a request.
+func proxyHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, baseURL string, headers map[string]string) error {
+	targetURL := i18n.Sprintf("%s/%s", baseURL, r.URL.Path)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(r.Context(), http.MethodGet, targetURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return i18n.Errorf("failed to create request for %s: %w", baseURL, err)
+	}
+
+	for key, value := range headers {
+		req.Header.Add(key, value)
+	}
+
+	if err := core.ProxyRequest(w, req); err != nil {
+		return i18n.Errorf("failed to proxy request to %s: %w", baseURL, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SPximgProxy handles requests for static assets from s.pximg.net.
 func SPximgProxy(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
-	URL := fmt.Sprintf("https://s.pximg.net/%s", r.URL.Path)
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(r.Context(), "GET", URL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	core.ProxyRequest(w, req)
-	return nil
+	return proxyHandler(w, r, "https://s.pximg.net", nil)
 }
 
+// IPximgProxy handles requests for image assets from i.pximg.net.
 func IPximgProxy(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
-	URL := fmt.Sprintf("https://i.pximg.net/%s", r.URL.Path)
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(r.Context(), "GET", URL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	headers := map[string]string{
+		"Referer": "https://www.pixiv.net/",
 	}
-	req.Header.Add("Referer", "https://www.pixiv.net/")
-	core.ProxyRequest(w, req)
-	return nil
+	return proxyHandler(w, r, "https://i.pximg.net", headers)
 }
 
+// UgoiraProxy handles requests for video assets from ugoira.com.
 func UgoiraProxy(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
-	URL := fmt.Sprintf("https://ugoira.com/api/mp4/%s", r.URL.Path)
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(r.Context(), "GET", URL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	core.ProxyRequest(w, req)
-	return nil
+	return proxyHandler(w, r, "https://ugoira.com/api/mp4", nil)
 }